Wireshark Developer’s Guide
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Wireshark Developer’s Guide

Version 4.5.0

Ulf Lamping, Graham Bloice

Table of Contents

Preface

1. Foreword

2. Who should read this document?

3. Acknowledgements

4. About this document

5. Where to get the latest copy of this document?

6. Providing feedback about this document

7. Typographic Conventions

7.1. Admonitions
7.2. Shell Prompt and Source Code Examples

I. Wireshark Build Environment

1. Introduction

1.1. Introduction

1.2. What Is Wireshark?

1.3. Supported Platforms

1.3.1. Unix And Unix-like Platforms
1.3.2. Microsoft Windows

1.4. Development And Maintenance Of Wireshark

1.4.1. Programming Languages Used
1.4.2. Open Source Software

1.5. Releases And Distributions

1.5.1. Binary Distributions
1.5.2. The Source Code Distribution

1.6. Automated Builds (GitLab CI)

1.6.1. What Do The Automated Builds Do?

1.7. Reporting problems and getting help

1.7.1. Website
1.7.2. Wiki
1.7.3. FAQ
1.7.4. Other sources
1.7.5. Q&A Site
1.7.6. Mailing Lists
1.7.7. Bug Database (GitLab Issues)
1.7.8. Reporting Problems
1.7.9. Reporting Crashes on UNIX-like platforms
1.7.10. Reporting Crashes on Windows platforms

2. Setup and Build Instructions

2.1. UN*X

2.1.1. Build environment setup
2.1.2. Building
2.1.3. Optional: Install
2.1.4. Optional: Create User’s and Developer’s Guide
2.1.5. Optional: Create an installable or source code package
2.1.6. Troubleshooting during the build and install on Unix

2.2. Windows

2.2.1. Using Microsoft Visual Studio
2.2.2. Using MinGW-w64 with MSYS2
2.2.3. Cross-compilation using Linux

3. Work with the Wireshark sources

3.1. Introduction

3.2. The Wireshark Git repository

3.2.1. Git Naming Conventions

3.3. Browsing And Searching The Source Code

3.4. Obtaining The Wireshark Sources

3.4.1. Git Over SSH Or HTTPS
3.4.2. Development Snapshots
3.4.3. Official Source Releases

3.5. Update Your Wireshark Sources

3.5.1. Update Using Git

3.6. Build Wireshark

3.6.1. Building on Unix
3.6.2. Windows Native
3.6.3. Build Type

3.7. Run Your Version Of Wireshark

3.7.1. Unix-Like Platforms
3.7.2. Windows Native

3.8. Debug Your Version Of Wireshark

3.8.1. Wireshark Logging
3.8.2. Traps Set By Logging
3.8.3. Logging APIs
3.8.4. Unix-Like Platforms
3.8.5. Windows Native

3.9. Make Changes To The Wireshark Sources

3.10. Contribute Your Changes

3.10.1. Workflow for Contributions
3.10.2. Forking the Source Tree
3.10.3. Pulling from Upstream
3.10.4. Creating Merge Requests
3.10.5. Updating Merge Requests
3.10.6. Some Tips For A Good Patch
3.10.7. Writing a Good Commit Message
3.10.8. Code Requirements
3.10.9. Backporting A Change

3.11. Binary Packaging

3.11.1. Packaging Guidelines
3.11.2. Debian: .deb Packages
3.11.3. Red Hat: .rpm Packages
3.11.4. macOS: .dmg Packages
3.11.5. Windows: NSIS .exe Installer
3.11.6. Windows: PortableApps .paf.exe Package

3.12. Mime Types

3.12.1. Display Filter
3.12.2. Coloring Rules
3.12.3. Filter List
3.12.4. Column List

4. Tool Reference

4.1. Introduction

4.2. Chocolatey

4.3. CMake

4.4. GNU Compiler Toolchain (UNIX And UNIX-like Platforms)

4.4.1. gcc (GNU Compiler Collection)
4.4.2. gdb (GNU Project Debugger)
4.4.3. make (GNU Make)
4.4.4. Ninja

4.5. Microsoft compiler toolchain (Windows native)

4.5.1. Official Toolchain Packages And Alternatives
4.5.2. Visual C++ 2022 Community Edition
4.5.3. cl.exe (C Compiler)
4.5.4. link.exe (Linker)
4.5.5. Visual C++ Runtime “Redistributable” Files
4.5.6. Windows Platform SDK

4.6. Documentation Toolchain

4.6.1. Asciidoctor
4.6.2. DocBook XML and XSL
4.6.3. xsltproc

4.7. Debugger

4.7.1. Visual Studio Integrated Debugger
4.7.2. Debugging Tools For Windows

4.12. Git Powershell Extensions (Optional)

4.13. Git GUI Client (Optional)

4.14. Perl (Optional)

4.15. patch (Optional)

4.16. Windows: NSIS (Optional)

4.17. Windows: WiX Toolset (Optional)

4.18. Windows: PortableApps (Optional)

5. Library Reference

5.1. Introduction
5.2. Windows Automated Library Download
5.3. Qt
5.4. GLib And Supporting Libraries
5.5. c-ares
5.6. SMI (Optional)
5.7. zlib (Optional)
5.8. libpcap or Npcap (Optional, But Strongly Recommended)
5.9. GnuTLS (Optional)
5.10. Gcrypt
5.11. Kerberos (Optional)
5.12. Lua (Optional)
5.13. MaxMindDB (Optional)
5.14. WinSparkle (Optional)

II. Wireshark Development

6. Introduction

6.1. Source overview
6.2. Coding Style
6.3. The GLib library

7. How Wireshark Works

7.1. Introduction
7.2. Overview
7.3. Capturing packets
7.4. Capture Files
7.5. Dissect packets

8. Packet Capture

8.1. Adding A New Capture Type To Libpcap

8.2. Adding Capture Interfaces And Log Sources Using Extcap

8.2.1. Extcap Command Line Interface
8.2.2. Extcap Arguments
8.2.3. Toolbar Controls

9. Packet Dissection

9.1. How packet dissection works

9.2. Adding a basic dissector

9.2.1. Setting up the dissector
9.2.2. Dissecting the protocol’s details
9.2.3. Improving the dissection information

9.3. How to add an expert item

9.4. How to handle transformed data

9.5. How to reassemble split packets

9.5.1. How to reassemble split UDP packets
9.5.2. How to reassemble split TCP Packets

9.6. How to tap protocols

9.6.1. How to produce protocol statistics (stats)
9.6.2. How to follow protocol streams

9.7. How to use conversations

9.8. idl2wrs: Creating dissectors from CORBA IDL files

9.8.1. What is it?
9.8.2. Why do this?
9.8.3. How to use idl2wrs
9.8.4. TODO
9.8.5. Limitations
9.8.6. Notes

10. Lua Support in Wireshark

10.1. Introduction
10.2. Example: Creating a Menu with Lua
10.3. Example: Dissector written in Lua
10.4. Example: Listener written in Lua
10.5. Example: Lua scripts with shared modules

11. Wireshark’s Lua API Reference Manual

11.1. Utility Functions

11.1.1. Global Functions

11.2. GUI Support

11.2.1. ProgDlg
11.2.2. TextWindow
11.2.3. Global Functions

11.3. Functions For New Protocols And Dissectors

11.3.1. Dissector
11.3.2. DissectorTable
11.3.3. Pref
11.3.4. Prefs
11.3.5. Proto
11.3.6. ProtoExpert
11.3.7. ProtoField
11.3.8. Global Functions

11.4. Obtaining Dissection Data

11.4.1. Field
11.4.2. FieldInfo
11.4.3. Global Functions

11.5. Obtaining Packet Information

11.5.1. Address
11.5.2. Column
11.5.3. Columns
11.5.4. NSTime
11.5.5. Pinfo
11.5.6. PrivateTable

11.6. Functions For Handling Packet Data

11.6.1. ByteArray
11.6.2. Tvb
11.6.3. TvbRange

11.7. Adding Information To The Dissection Tree

11.7.1. TreeItem

11.8. Post-Dissection Packet Analysis

11.8.1. Listener

11.9. Saving Capture Files

11.9.1. Dumper
11.9.2. PseudoHeader

11.10. Wtap Functions For Handling Capture File Types

11.10.1. Global Functions

11.11. Custom File Format Reading And Writing

11.11.1. CaptureInfo
11.11.2. CaptureInfoConst
11.11.3. File
11.11.4. FileHandler
11.11.5. FrameInfo
11.11.6. FrameInfoConst
11.11.7. Global Functions

11.12. Directory Handling Functions

11.12.1. Dir
11.12.2. Example
11.12.3. Example

11.13. Handling 64-bit Integers

11.13.1. Int64
11.13.2. UInt64

11.14. Binary encode/decode support

11.14.1. Struct

11.15. PCRE2 Regular Expressions

11.16. Bitwise Operations

12. User Interface

12.1. Introduction

12.2. The Qt Application Framework

12.2.1. User Experience Considerations
12.2.2. Qt Creator
12.2.3. Source Code Overview
12.2.4. Coding Practices and Naming Conventions
12.2.5. Other Issues and Information

12.3. Human Interface Reference Documents

13. Wireshark Tests

13.1. Quick Start

13.2. Test suite structure

13.2.1. Test Coverage And Availability
13.2.2. Suites, Cases, and Tests
13.2.3. pytest fixtures

13.3. Listing And Running Tests

13.4. Adding Or Modifying Tests

13.5. External Tests

13.5.1. Custom Fixtures

14. Creating ASN.1 Dissectors

14.1. About ASN.1

14.2. ASN.1 Dissector Requirements

14.2.1. Building An ASN.1-Based Plugin

14.3. Understanding Error Messages

14.4. Hand-Massaging The ASN.1 File

14.5. Command Line Syntax

14.6. Generated Files

14.7. Step By Step Instructions

14.8. Hints For Using Asn2wrs

14.8.1. ANY And Parameterized Types
14.8.2. Tagged Assignments
14.8.3. Untagged CHOICEs
14.8.4. Imported Module Name Conflicts

14.9. Simple ASN.1-Based Dissector

14.10. Conformance (.cnf) Files

14.10.1. Example .cnf File
14.10.2. Example packet-protocol-template.h File
14.10.3. Example packet-protocol-template.c File

14.11. Conformance File Directive Reference

14.11.1. #.END
14.11.2. #.EXPORTS
14.11.3. #.FN_BODY
14.11.4. #.MODULE_IMPORT And #.INCLUDE
14.11.5. #.MODULE_IMPORT
14.11.6. #.INCLUDE
14.11.7. #.NO_EMIT And #.USER_DEFINED
14.11.8. #.PDU and #.PDU_NEW
14.11.9. #.REGISTER and #.REGISTER_NEW

15. This Document’s License (GPL)

List of Figures

3.1. GitLab Workflow
7.1. Wireshark function blocks
11.1. A progress bar in action
11.2. A text window in action
11.3. An input dialog in action

List of Tables

1. Typographic Conventions
3.1. Build Types
8.1. Control packet:
8.2. Commands and application for controls
9.1. Standard callbacks for following streams
11.1. Default background colors
11.2. Default background colors

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